Knee Arthroscopy

The knee is a hinged joint made up of three bones – Femur, Tibia and Patella (Kneecap). Bones held firmly together by ligaments that stabilize the joint. Two major ligaments are cross (cruciate ligaments) in the center of the knee and control the backward and forward motion of the knee-

⦿The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)
⦿ The posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)

Two other major ligaments are located outside the knee joint. They act to stabilize the knee’s sideways motion.

⦿ Medial collateral ligament or MCL
⦿ Lateral collateral ligament or LCL The ACL is frequently injured in severe twisting injuries of the knee.

The bones inside the joint are lined by a smooth protective layer called articular cartilage, which allows the bones to glide smoothly upon each other. In arthritis, this smooth lining becomes damaged.

The knee joint is cushioned by pads like structures – Meniscus (shock absorbers between the bones.) The lateral meniscus The medial meniscus The menisci may be torn during twisting movements of the knee.

Various problems of knee joint can be deal with arthroscopy like –
⦿ Meniscal injury
⦿ Ligament injury Loose bodies within the knee
⦿ Chondromalacia of the patella
⦿ Osteoarthritis
⦿ Septic arthritis